Learning technology glossary

LMS, SCORM, xAPI, gamification, proctoring… We have gathered the terms that come up most often in corporate training and e-learning on a single page, explained in plain English. Use the letters to jump to the term you are looking for.

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0-9

70-20-10 Model

A model arguing that 70% of learning happens through on-the-job experience, 20% from other people and 10% through formal training. Used when planning where the training budget should go.

A

Adaptive Learning

An approach where content automatically gets harder or easier according to the learner's assessment results and pace. Instead of giving everyone the same curriculum, each person follows their own route.

ADDIE Model

The classic five-stage framework for instructional design: Analyse, Design, Develop, Implement and Evaluate. The most widely used method for structuring training programmes.

AI Avatar

An AI-generated synthetic presenter that delivers a lesson without anyone stepping in front of a camera. It speeds up multilingual content production.

AI Content Generation

Preparing lesson plans, presentations, scenarios and assessment questions with AI assistance. It shortens production time but still needs editorial control.

AI Hallucination

When AI confidently produces information that is not actually true. It makes human verification of outputs essential when generating training content.

AI Literacy

Employees' ability to use AI tools accurately, safely and ethically. The new mandatory subject in corporate training programmes.

AI Tutor

An AI-powered guide that answers learners' questions around the clock and re-explains a topic in different ways.

AI-Assisted Learning

Systems that analyse assessment results and behavioural data to identify missing competencies, then recommend or generate content.

AICC

An e-learning content standard that came out of the aviation sector and was common before SCORM. Today it mostly comes up when you need compatibility with older systems.

API

An interface that lets two pieces of software exchange data. Used to connect your learning platform to an HR, CRM or ERP system. Integrations

AR (Augmented Reality)

Technology that overlays digital information on a view of the real world. Used for step-by-step guidance in field maintenance, assembly and laboratory training.

Asynchronous Learning

Learning that does not require the trainer and learner to be online at the same time. Recorded videos, documents and tests all fall into this category.

Audit Trail

A retrospective, tamper-proof record of who completed which training and when. Presented as evidence during regulatory inspections.

Authoring Tool

Software that produces course content, animation and assessments. Storyline, Camtasia and Vyond are common examples. The output is usually exported as a SCORM package.

Automatic Subtitling and Translation

Using AI to transcribe speech from video and live broadcasts and translate it into other languages. It makes accessibility and multilingual operations far easier.

B

Blended Learning

A model that deliberately combines face-to-face training with online learning. The theory is covered online and the practical work happens in the room.

Bloom's Taxonomy

A classification dividing learning objectives into six cognitive levels, from remembering through to creating. Used to balance the difficulty of assessment questions.

C

Certification

A document issued once training and assessment are complete, which can carry an expiry date and a verification code. Certificate Management

Community Management

Running the forums and groups where learners ask each other questions and share experience. Community Management

Competency

The full set of knowledge, skills and behaviours needed to do a job well. It makes training objectives measurable.

Completion Rate

The percentage of the people assigned a course who finish it. The most basic health indicator for a training programme.

Compliance Training

Training that regulation makes mandatory, where completion and documentation are subject to inspection. Health and safety, data protection and sector-specific regulation are the main examples.

Corporate Academy

A structure that brings a company's training for employees, dealers and customers together under one roof. Employee Training

Course Catalogue

A storefront listing every course in the organisation, split into categories. It lets learners discover training without waiting to be assigned something.

Course Sales Portal

A storefront where the courses you have built are put on sale online. It includes payment infrastructure, coupons and package management. Course Sales module

D

Digital Badge (Open Badge)

A visual certificate with verification data embedded in it, showing that a competency has been earned. Can be shared on social networks.

Distance Learning

Any learning where the trainer and learner are not physically in the same place. It can be synchronous or asynchronous.

E

e-Learning

Training delivered digitally, on a computer or mobile device. The most common form of distance learning.

G

Gamification

Bringing game elements such as points, badges, levels and leaderboards into training. Used to raise participation and bring people back. Gamification

Generative AI

AI that can produce text, images, audio or video. In training it is used to draft lesson outlines, scenarios and assessment questions.

I

Instructional Design

The discipline of planning how training is structured, from the learning objective through to how it will be measured. It comes before any content is produced.

Interactive Video

Video that is not one-way: the viewer answers questions, makes choices or clicks through to a link. Interactive Video

K

Kirkpatrick Model

A framework that measures the impact of training at four levels: reaction, learning, behaviour and results. Used to demonstrate the return on a training investment.

L

Large Language Model (LLM)

An AI model trained on very large volumes of text that can produce writing close to human language. In training, it is used for content generation, summarising and question writing.

LDAP

A protocol that connects to your existing user directory so employees can sign in without a separate account. Integrations

Learning Analytics

The practice of combining completion, time, assessment and engagement data to measure the impact of a training programme. A step beyond reporting.

Learning Path

A sequence of courses that must be completed in a set order to reach a role or a goal. It turns scattered courses into a journey that makes sense.

Live Training

An online lesson where the trainer and attendees connect at the same time, run with tools such as screen sharing, Q&A and attendance. Live Training module

LMS (Learning Management System)

The system where training is built, assigned, tracked and reported on. The central backbone of corporate learning. LMS module

LTI

A connection standard that lets different learning tools be embedded inside an LMS in a standard way. Especially common in universities.

LXP (Learning Experience Platform)

A platform built around discovery and recommendation, going beyond the mandatory content people are assigned. It sits on top of an LMS rather than replacing it.

M

Metaverse Learning

Training delivered with avatars in a three-dimensional virtual environment, used particularly to rehearse risky or expensive procedures. Metaverse in Training

Microlearning

An approach that breaks a topic into independent 3–7 minute pieces. It noticeably lifts completion rates among field-based and mobile-first teams.

Mobile Learning

Reaching training from a smartphone or tablet. For staff who are not desk-based, it is often the only practical channel.

Multi-tenant Architecture

An architecture that runs multiple isolated organisation, dealer or brand environments on a single platform.

O

Onboarding

The programme covering how a new starter settles into the organisation, the team and the role. Onboarding Training

P

Proctoring

A way of preventing cheating in online exams using camera, screen monitoring and behaviour analysis. A precondition for validity in certification exams. Exam Management

Prompt

The text that tells an AI what you want it to do. The quality of the output depends heavily on how clear the prompt is.

Prompt Engineering

The skill of designing and refining prompts systematically. One of the most requested subjects in corporate AI training.

Q

Question Bank

A pool of questions prepared so exams can draw on them randomly and in different combinations. It means every candidate sees a different set.

R

RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)

Having the AI pull relevant information from your organisation's own documents before it produces an answer. It reduces the risk of hallucination and grounds answers in your own knowledge.

Responsible AI

An approach to using AI built on transparency, data privacy, bias checks and human oversight. The foundation of any corporate AI policy.

ROI (Return on Training Investment)

Comparing what you spend on training against the time saved, the fall in error rates and the lift in performance. The most concrete way to defend a training budget.

S

SAML

A standard that carries secure sign-in information between a corporate identity provider and an application. The most common protocol in SSO setups. Integrations

SCORM

The most widely used packaging standard for making e-learning content work across different LMSs. It standardises content portability and progress tracking.

Simulation Training

Practising in a setting that mimics the real environment. Favoured in healthcare, aviation and manufacturing, where the cost of a mistake is high.

Skill Gap

The difference between the skill a role requires and the skill an employee currently has. The measure of a training need.

Skills Matrix

A table showing which competency each person on a team holds and at what level. The starting point for training planning.

Social Learning

Knowledge spreading through employees learning from each other rather than from a trainer. Forums, mentoring and communities of practice are the main tools. Community Management

SSO (Single Sign-On)

Reaching every system with a single sign-in using your corporate account. It removes the need to manage separate passwords. Integrations

Synchronous Learning

Real-time learning where the trainer and attendees are present at the same time. The opposite of asynchronous learning.

T

Training Needs Analysis (TNA)

The work of establishing, from data, which team needs training on what. A sound training plan starts with this analysis, not with content.

U

UK GDPR Compliance

Collecting, storing and processing personal data in line with the UK GDPR and the Data Protection Act 2018. On a learning platform, user records and assessment data fall within scope.

User Roles and Permissions

Defining which screens each role — administrator, trainer, department manager, learner — can see and what each can do.

V

Virtual Classroom

An online lesson environment where trainer and learners meet in real time. It brings classroom tools such as raising a hand, a whiteboard, attendance and group work into the digital space. Live Training module

W

Web TV

An internal video channel of your own with a managed broadcast schedule. Used for internal communication and announcements. Web TV

Webhook

A mechanism that sends an automatic notification to another system when an event happens — when a course is completed, for instance. Integrations

Webinar

An online seminar. Usually presentation-led and one-way, and it scales to large audiences.

White-Label

Running the platform under your own logo, colours and domain, with no sign of the provider's brand. Website Builder

X

xAPI (Tin Can API)

A data standard that goes beyond SCORM to record learning experiences outside the platform too — a task carried out in the field or a video watched elsewhere can also be logged.

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